The need to focus on childhood events together with the development of theories of a comprehensive psychological children
development of child psychology associated with social and individual children and children go through several stages before entering the adult world. The psychology of children studied various aspects, including the questions of nature and nurture, and that the language of the child is a product of genes and heredity or product society and environment through different developmental stages of sensory discrimination and perception, emotional expression and learning and cognitive development, as well as intelligence and socialization process. The study of child sexuality and sexual and moral development is very important, especially in a psychoanalytic point of view.
Children are vulnerable and can be easily affected all events in the immediate environment. Events that are insignificant or unimportant to adults, may leave deep scars or memories of the child & # 39; s mind. Children & # 39; s mind is very impressionable and volatile, and before the child reaches puberty, some unimportant events also attaches great importance to the child & # 39; s life. So & # 39; childhood memories & # 39; and & # 39; Childhood events & # 39; the primary determinant of adult personality pattern. Some of the major factors that can affect a child & # 39; s future development and potential long-term effects
first decrease or increase of a friend or friends
2. Memorable physical / bodily sensations
3. Separating the family or divorce of the parents
4. Domestic abuse or violence
5. sexual harassment or abuse
6 of the learning experience even while playing or learning
induced 7. Personal experiences / events, strong feelings of fear, joy, sorrow, etc.
8. accidents or diseases experienced or observed
9 death of family members, neighbors or those close
10. Change of residence or move
11. Emotional contact with friends, teachers or family members
12. Personal success or failure in school
13. Influence of movies, stories, books and current events
14 war, terrorism, conflicts, etc.
15. Natural disasters such as bombings earthquakes, floods, famine, etc.
the factors here are very general, and every kid is going through some very special events that affect him personally, although there are some very general theories in psychology have established market research and these theories have highlighted relations between success or failure later in childhood and the events of life. Some of the major child development theory: John Bowlby, Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, Lawrence Kohlberg and Lev Vygotsky. As Bowlby stressed the importance of childhood relationships, Piaget focused on the cognitive development of children through various stages and Freud wrote in detail the sexual development of children. Kohlberg studied moral development of children, while Vygotsky analyzed the socialization process of children's social contextualism. All these theories are different aspects of child development only proves the enormous complexity and diversity of the many factors that usually play a role in the mental development of children. In many areas, the psychology of children's social, emotional, cognitive, sexual and moral. Here now is a brief account of these different theories and ultimately a comprehensive analysis of whether these theories could be used in conjunction with the factors set out in the general study of the psychology of children.
John Bowlby, a British psychiatrist, developed the & # 39; attachment theory & # 39; which highlighted the importance of the mother or primary caregiver of the child & # 39; s life. He showed in his study that every infant should develop and maintain an intimate relationship with the mother of all maternal deprivation or mother substitutes can lead to serious mental health problems in children later in life. Bowlby & # 39; and the theory is true, and a mother should have a strong physical and emotional intimacy of the child is physically close to the child at least until the child is 2 years old. Breastfeeding is recommended by doctors around the world and is an important part of the physical proximity between the child and the mother, which is extremely necessary if the child out of the mother & # 39; s womb. When the child is released from the mother & # 39; s womb, the first emotion of fear and the mother & # 39; s continuous physical proximity instills confidence and a sense of security for your child. The orphaned children or children who are separated from their mothers at birth or requires replacement or adjustment can grow up sick individuals suffering from mental disorders.
Freud, on the other hand completely filled psychosexual theory and pointed out how many people do not like to think – sexual pleasure for children. Freud overturned the concept of childhood innocence and suggested that we are born with our unrepressed basic instincts, which are slowly hardened social adaptation. Freud believed that the inherent pleasure-seeking desires that we made, especially in some of the erogenous zones of the body and are in various stages of psychosexual development accordingly oral and anal phallic, latent and genital stages. In psychosexual development of children & # 39; joy and behavior changes in the mouth, such as biting and sucking through the anus potty training, and finally the genitals. Thus, according to the child's psycho-analysis comes from the total sexual pleasure by sucking, biting, played by the genitals and tired defecation. It does not necessarily support Freud & # 39; s views on sexual pleasure I will discuss in another article explained by bodily sensations and pleasure from children in other ways.
Jean Piaget, the Swiss-French philosopher created the theory of cognitive development of children and laid out in four stages of development – the sensorimotor stage during the pre-operational stage concrete operational, and formal operational stage. The first stage is when the child develops spatial abilities and come to terms with the world of the senses in the first two years of life. The second phase of development concepts and help when the children understand the meaning of things, and this continues until the age of 7. 7-11 year-old children to reach higher operational stage of cognitive development is concrete and sort and classify objects and can use logic to solve problems. The formal operational stage that begins around age 12 and helps children understand abstract ideas, reports, etc. hidden Kohlberg theory provided moral development of children six stages of pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional level. These are related to concern about the punishment and self-interest, it is the pursuit of compliance and internal demands of the social order, to maintain the universal ethical principles. So the moral development seem to be moving in the hit & # 39; what is right and what is wrong & # 39; and whether a penalty is wrong, what is generally accepted ethical and social behavior. Another prominent psychologist Vygotsky emphasized socialization and interpersonal communication and child development, according to this theory is regarded as internalization of social and cultural skills.
Of course, all these theories and should be given a full and comprehensive theory which gives an insight into the child & # 39; s mental and behavioral elements of all of these theories. In addition, the childhood experiences and events that have highlighted the psychoanalytic theories is extremely important, and not just the sexual aspect. All common factors that I mentioned at the beginning, the essay should be considered as factors that underpin social, sexual, moral, emotional, physical and cognitive development of children. Since learning experiences lead to cognitive development, personal emotional experiences lead to later emotional development and maturity. Sexual harassment, abuse or other bodily sensations in childhood sexual development and affect the subsequent divorce or separation in the family influence moral development. Thus, an individual who has molested a child or develop a fear of sexual activity, or show a complete lack of sexual restraint as an adult.
The child, who lived without a father may have been very irresponsible or even an adult can develop a very strong and parental responsibility. Experiencing trauma in childhood death or injury of family members or living in times of war, natural disasters also has a profound effect on children and can leave feeling or demand a perennial uncertainty in the annex for children continues into adulthood and even old age or other hand these events that a child isolated , schizophrenic or simply peeled off later life. Healthy children's lives is important that not only depends on psychological theories to understand that a child grows up and perceive the world, but it is also important to focus on the events and experiences of children and use them with theories full psychological understanding of children.
Today's events focus primarily on the psychologist and psychoanalyst of adverse events considered particularly important. However, it is important that every event held positive and negative, and it should then be used to supplement psychological theories. In order to understand the child, it is important to understand the child & # 39; s world and the memories, so a & # 39; event-based & # 39; Child psychology should be in balance & # 39; based on the theory & # 39; psychology of children.
Source by Saberi Roy